Overview of Bitter Gourd
Bitter gourd, also known as bitter melon or karela, is a tropical and subtropical vegetable renowned for its unique, bitter flavor. It is widely used in Asian cuisine and traditional medicine. The plant is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, which includes cucumbers, pumpkins, and squash. Bitter gourd is known for its numerous health benefits, including its ability to lower blood sugar levels and aid in digestion.
Specifications of Bitter Gourd
Appearance:
- Shape: Elongated, warty fruit with a ridged surface.
- Color: Typically green, but may turn yellowish or orange when overripe.
- Size: Usually 10-25 cm in length and 4-6 cm in diameter.
Taste:
- Flavor: Very bitter, with a pungent taste that can vary in intensity depending on the maturity and preparation.
Nutritional Value:
- Vitamins: High in Vitamin C, Vitamin A, and some B vitamins.
- Minerals: Good source of calcium, potassium, and iron.
- Other Components: Contains antioxidants, fiber, and plant compounds beneficial for health.
Varieties:
- Chinese Bitter Gourd: Generally larger and less bitter.
- Indian Bitter Gourd: Smaller, with a more intense bitterness.
Cultivation:
- Climate: Prefers warm, tropical climates with ample sunlight.
- Soil: Thrives in well-drained, loamy soil with a pH range of 6.0-7.0.
Packaging Details
Packaging Materials:
- Fresh Bitter Gourd: Typically packaged in ventilated plastic bags or containers to allow for air circulation.
- Processed Bitter Gourd: May be vacuum-sealed or packed in jars if preserved.
Packaging Sizes:
- Bulk Packaging: Often packed in cartons or crates, with net weights ranging from 5 kg to 20 kg.
- Retail Packaging: Usually in smaller quantities, such as 200-500 grams per pack.
Labeling:
- Product Information: Includes the product name, weight, origin, and nutritional information.
- Storage Instructions: Details on how to store the bitter gourd to maintain freshness.
- Best Before Date: For fresh bitter gourd, indicating the optimal period for consumption.
Transportation:
- Temperature Control: Bitter gourd should be transported under cool conditions to prevent spoilage.
- Handling: Careful handling is required to avoid bruising and damage during transit.
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